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f535b61341
- Add exception handling for SQLite, PostgreSQL, and MySQL. Sqlalchemy gives different exceptions for each database engine so I have seperated each exception for each engine. The error message passed by each engine is also different so that is checked as well. - Once the function gets one of those exceptions the following message is outputed and the program ends: `ERROR: Table 'TABLENAME' already exists in the database. Did you mean to use 'pokedex load -D'` - If the error is not that a table already exists, then the output will just be the full error from sqlalchemy. That way if someone runs into that error it can be reported as an issue and whoever can help would see the full error. --- Resolves part of issue #16
495 lines
17 KiB
Python
495 lines
17 KiB
Python
"""CSV to database or vice versa."""
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from __future__ import print_function
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import csv
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import fnmatch
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import os.path
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import sys
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import six
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import sqlalchemy.sql.util
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import sqlalchemy.types
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import pokedex
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from pokedex.db import metadata, translations
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from pokedex.defaults import get_default_csv_dir
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from pokedex.db.dependencies import find_dependent_tables
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from pokedex.db.oracle import rewrite_long_table_names
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def _get_table_names(metadata, patterns):
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"""Returns a list of table names from the given metadata. If `patterns`
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exists, only tables matching one of the patterns will be returned.
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"""
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if patterns:
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table_names = set()
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for pattern in patterns:
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if '.' in pattern or '/' in pattern:
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# If it looks like a filename, pull out just the table name
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_, filename = os.path.split(pattern)
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table_name, _ = os.path.splitext(filename)
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pattern = table_name
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table_names.update(fnmatch.filter(metadata.tables.keys(), pattern))
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else:
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table_names = metadata.tables.keys()
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return list(table_names)
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def _get_verbose_prints(verbose):
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"""If `verbose` is true, returns three functions: one for printing a
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starting message, one for printing an interim status update, and one for
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printing a success or failure message when finished.
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If `verbose` is false, returns no-op functions.
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"""
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if not verbose:
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# Return dummies
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def dummy(*args, **kwargs):
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pass
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return dummy, dummy, dummy
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### Okay, verbose == True; print stuff
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def print_start(thing):
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# Truncate to 66 characters, leaving 10 characters for a success
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# or failure message
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truncated_thing = thing[:66]
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# Also, space-pad to keep the cursor in a known column
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num_spaces = 66 - len(truncated_thing)
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print("%s...%s" % (truncated_thing, ' ' * num_spaces), end='')
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sys.stdout.flush()
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if sys.stdout.isatty():
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# stdout is a terminal; stupid backspace tricks are OK.
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# Don't use print, because it always adds magical spaces, which
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# makes backspace accounting harder
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backspaces = [0]
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def print_status(msg):
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# Overwrite any status text with spaces before printing
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sys.stdout.write('\b' * backspaces[0])
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sys.stdout.write(' ' * backspaces[0])
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sys.stdout.write('\b' * backspaces[0])
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sys.stdout.write(msg)
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sys.stdout.flush()
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backspaces[0] = len(msg)
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def print_done(msg='ok'):
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# Overwrite any status text with spaces before printing
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sys.stdout.write('\b' * backspaces[0])
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sys.stdout.write(' ' * backspaces[0])
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sys.stdout.write('\b' * backspaces[0])
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sys.stdout.write(msg + "\n")
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sys.stdout.flush()
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backspaces[0] = 0
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else:
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# stdout is a file (or something); don't bother with status at all
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def print_status(msg):
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pass
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def print_done(msg='ok'):
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print(msg)
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return print_start, print_status, print_done
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def load(session, tables=[], directory=None, drop_tables=False, verbose=False, safe=True, recursive=True, langs=None):
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"""Load data from CSV files into the given database session.
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Tables are created automatically.
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`session`
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SQLAlchemy session to use.
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`tables`
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List of tables to load. If omitted, all tables are loaded.
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`directory`
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Directory the CSV files reside in. Defaults to the `pokedex` data
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directory.
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`drop_tables`
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If set to True, existing `pokedex`-related tables will be dropped.
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`verbose`
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If set to True, status messages will be printed to stdout.
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`safe`
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If set to False, load can be faster, but can corrupt the database if
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it crashes or is interrupted.
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`recursive`
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If set to True, load all dependent tables too.
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`langs`
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List of identifiers of extra language to load, or None to load them all
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"""
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# First take care of verbosity
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print_start, print_status, print_done = _get_verbose_prints(verbose)
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if directory is None:
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directory = get_default_csv_dir()
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# XXX why isn't this done in command_load
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table_names = _get_table_names(metadata, tables)
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table_objs = [metadata.tables[name] for name in table_names]
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if recursive:
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table_objs.extend(find_dependent_tables(table_objs))
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table_objs = sqlalchemy.sql.util.sort_tables(table_objs)
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engine = session.get_bind()
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# Limit table names to 30 characters for Oracle
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oracle = (engine.dialect.name == 'oracle')
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if oracle:
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rewrite_long_table_names()
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# SQLite speed tweaks
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if not safe and engine.dialect.name == 'sqlite':
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# We have to explicity call close here because session.execute
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# returns a ResultProxy object that hangs onto the database cursor
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# in case you wanted to see the results of your statement, and
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# these PRAGMA commands helpfully return the string 'OFF'.
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#
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# This would not normally be a problem, except that when
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# journal_mode=OFF, SQLite sometimes doesn't like it when you
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# have multiple database cursors open.
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#
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# This would still not normally be a problem because CPython
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# will free the ResultProxy immediately because it isn't referenced,
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# closing the database cursor, but this isn't true in PyPy,
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# which doesn't use reference counting.
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session.execute("PRAGMA synchronous=OFF").close()
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session.execute("PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF").close()
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# Drop all tables if requested
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if drop_tables:
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print_start('Dropping tables')
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for n, table in enumerate(reversed(table_objs)):
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table.drop(bind=engine, checkfirst=True)
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# Drop columns' types if appropriate; needed for enums in
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# postgresql
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for column in table.c:
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try:
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drop = column.type.drop
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except AttributeError:
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pass
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else:
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drop(bind=engine, checkfirst=True)
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print_status('%s/%s' % (n, len(table_objs)))
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print_done()
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print_start('Creating tables')
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for n, table in enumerate(table_objs):
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try:
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table.create(bind=engine)
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# Exceptions for handling the error thrown when trying to load
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# the database with a table that already exists.
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except (
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sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError, # Exception used for SQLite
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sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError, # Exception used for PostgreSQL
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sqlalchemy.exc.InternalError # Exception used for MySQL
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) as error:
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if "already exists" in str(error.orig):
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print("\n\nERROR: The table '{}' already exists in the database. "
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"Did you mean to use 'pokedex load -D'".format(table))
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sys.exit(1)
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# If it happens to be some other error but raised by the same
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# exception, then an unexpected error message is sent with
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# the error included
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else:
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print("\n\n UNEXPECTED ERROR: ", error)
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sys.exit(1)
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print_status('%s/%s' % (n, len(table_objs)))
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print_done()
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# Okay, run through the tables and actually load the data now
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for table_obj in table_objs:
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if oracle:
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table_name = table_obj._original_name
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else:
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table_name = table_obj.name
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insert_stmt = table_obj.insert()
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print_start(table_name)
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try:
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csvpath = "%s/%s.csv" % (directory, table_name)
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if six.PY2:
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csvfile = open(csvpath, 'r')
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else:
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csvfile = open(csvpath, 'r', encoding="utf8")
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except IOError:
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# File doesn't exist; don't load anything!
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print_done('missing?')
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continue
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# XXX This is wrong for files with multi-line fields, but Python 3
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# doesn't allow .tell() on a file that's currently being iterated
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# (because the result is completely bogus). Oh well.
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csvsize = sum(1 for line in csvfile)
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csvfile.seek(0)
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reader = csv.reader(csvfile, lineterminator='\n')
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column_names = [six.text_type(column) for column in next(reader)]
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if not safe and engine.dialect.name == 'postgresql':
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# Postgres' CSV dialect works with our data, if we mark the not-null
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# columns with FORCE NOT NULL.
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not_null_cols = [c for c in column_names if not table_obj.c[c].nullable]
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if not_null_cols:
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force_not_null = 'FORCE NOT NULL ' + ','.join('"%s"' % c for c in not_null_cols)
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else:
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force_not_null = ''
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# Grab the underlying psycopg2 cursor so we can use COPY FROM STDIN
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raw_conn = engine.raw_connection()
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command = "COPY %(table_name)s (%(columns)s) FROM STDIN CSV HEADER %(force_not_null)s"
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csvfile.seek(0)
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raw_conn.cursor().copy_expert(
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command % dict(
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table_name=table_name,
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columns=','.join('"%s"' % c for c in column_names),
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force_not_null=force_not_null,
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),
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csvfile,
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)
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raw_conn.commit()
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print_done()
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continue
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# Self-referential tables may contain rows with foreign keys of other
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# rows in the same table that do not yet exist. Pull these out and
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# insert them last
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# ASSUMPTION: Self-referential tables have a single PK called "id"
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deferred_rows = [] # ( row referring to id, [foreign ids we need] )
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seen_ids = set() # primary keys we've seen
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# Fetch foreign key columns that point at this table, if any
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self_ref_columns = []
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for column in table_obj.c:
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if any(x.references(table_obj) for x in column.foreign_keys):
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self_ref_columns.append(column)
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new_rows = []
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def insert_and_commit():
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if not new_rows:
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return
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session.execute(insert_stmt, new_rows)
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session.commit()
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new_rows[:] = []
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progress = "%d%%" % (100 * csvpos // csvsize)
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print_status(progress)
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csvpos = 0
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for csvs in reader:
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csvpos += 1
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row_data = {}
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for column_name, value in zip(column_names, csvs):
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column = table_obj.c[column_name]
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if column.nullable and value == '':
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# Empty string in a nullable column really means NULL
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value = None
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elif isinstance(column.type, sqlalchemy.types.Boolean):
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# Boolean values are stored as string values 0/1, but both
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# of those evaluate as true; SQLA wants True/False
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if value == '0':
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value = False
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else:
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value = True
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elif isinstance(value, bytes):
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# Otherwise, unflatten from bytes
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value = value.decode('utf-8')
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# nb: Dictionaries flattened with ** have to have string keys
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row_data[ str(column_name) ] = value
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# May need to stash this row and add it later if it refers to a
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# later row in this table
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if self_ref_columns:
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foreign_ids = set(row_data[x.name] for x in self_ref_columns)
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foreign_ids.discard(None) # remove NULL ids
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if not foreign_ids:
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# NULL key. Remember this row and add as usual.
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seen_ids.add(row_data['id'])
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elif foreign_ids.issubset(seen_ids):
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# Non-NULL key we've already seen. Remember it and commit
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# so we know the old row exists when we add the new one
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insert_and_commit()
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seen_ids.add(row_data['id'])
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else:
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# Non-NULL future id. Save this and insert it later!
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deferred_rows.append((row_data, foreign_ids))
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continue
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# Insert row!
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new_rows.append(row_data)
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# Remembering some zillion rows in the session consumes a lot of
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# RAM. Let's not do that. Commit every 1000 rows
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if len(new_rows) >= 1000:
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insert_and_commit()
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insert_and_commit()
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# Attempt to add any spare rows we've collected
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for row_data, foreign_ids in deferred_rows:
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if not foreign_ids.issubset(seen_ids):
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# Could happen if row A refers to B which refers to C.
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# This is ridiculous and doesn't happen in my data so far
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raise ValueError("Too many levels of self-reference! "
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"Row was: " + str(row_data))
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session.execute(
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insert_stmt.values(**row_data)
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)
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seen_ids.add(row_data['id'])
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session.commit()
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print_done()
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print_start('Translations')
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transl = translations.Translations(csv_directory=directory)
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new_row_count = 0
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for translation_class, rows in transl.get_load_data(langs):
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table_obj = translation_class.__table__
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if table_obj in table_objs:
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insert_stmt = table_obj.insert()
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session.execute(insert_stmt, rows)
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session.commit()
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# We don't have a total, but at least show some increasing number
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new_row_count += len(rows)
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print_status(str(new_row_count))
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# SQLite check
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if engine.dialect.name == 'sqlite':
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session.execute("PRAGMA integrity_check")
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print_done()
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def dump(session, tables=[], directory=None, verbose=False, langs=None):
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"""Dumps the contents of a database to a set of CSV files. Probably not
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useful to anyone besides a developer.
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`session`
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SQLAlchemy session to use.
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`tables`
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List of tables to dump. If omitted, all tables are dumped.
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`directory`
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Directory the CSV files should be put in. Defaults to the `pokedex`
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data directory.
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`verbose`
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If set to True, status messages will be printed to stdout.
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`langs`
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List of identifiers of languages to dump unofficial texts for
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"""
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# First take care of verbosity
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print_start, print_status, print_done = _get_verbose_prints(verbose)
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languages = dict((l.id, l) for l in session.query(pokedex.db.tables.Language))
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if not directory:
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directory = get_default_csv_dir()
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table_names = _get_table_names(metadata, tables)
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table_names.sort()
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# Oracle needs to dump from tables with shortened names to csvs with the
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# usual names
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oracle = (session.connection().dialect.name == 'oracle')
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if oracle:
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rewrite_long_table_names()
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for table_name in table_names:
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print_start(table_name)
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table = metadata.tables[table_name]
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if oracle:
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filename = '%s/%s.csv' % (directory, table._original_name)
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else:
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filename = '%s/%s.csv' % (directory, table_name)
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# CSV module only works with bytes on 2 and only works with text on 3!
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if six.PY3:
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writer = csv.writer(open(filename, 'w', newline='', encoding="utf8"), lineterminator='\n')
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columns = [col.name for col in table.columns]
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else:
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writer = csv.writer(open(filename, 'wb'), lineterminator='\n')
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columns = [col.name.encode('utf8') for col in table.columns]
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# For name tables, always dump rows for official languages, as well as
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# for those in `langs` if specified.
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# For other translation tables, only dump rows for languages in `langs`
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# if specified, or for official languages by default.
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# For non-translation tables, dump all rows.
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if 'local_language_id' in columns:
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if langs is None:
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def include_row(row):
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return languages[row.local_language_id].official
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elif any(col.info.get('official') for col in table.columns):
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def include_row(row):
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return (languages[row.local_language_id].official or
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languages[row.local_language_id].identifier in langs)
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else:
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def include_row(row):
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return languages[row.local_language_id].identifier in langs
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else:
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def include_row(row):
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return True
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writer.writerow(columns)
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primary_key = table.primary_key
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for row in session.query(table).order_by(*primary_key).all():
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if include_row(row):
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csvs = []
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for col in columns:
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# Convert Pythony values to something more universal
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val = getattr(row, col)
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if val == None:
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val = ''
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elif val == True:
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val = '1'
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elif val == False:
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val = '0'
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else:
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val = six.text_type(val)
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if not six.PY3:
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val = val.encode('utf8')
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csvs.append(val)
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writer.writerow(csvs)
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print_done()
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